Table 1

Thermal and electrical property values assigned to different layers of skin.
Air

t_a	thickness	500 μm
N_a	number of lattice elements	100
ℓ	lattice node spacing	5 μm
k_a	thermal conductivity	0.0263 Wm^-1°C^-1
ρ_a	density	1.3 kg m^-3
c_a	specific heat	1004 Jkg^-1°C^-1

Epidermis

t_e	thickness	80 μm	[52]
N_e	lattice elements	80
ℓ	lattice node spacing	1 μm
σ_e	electrical conductivity	8.01 Sm^-1	[70]
ε_e	relative permittivity	31.3	[70]
η_e	penetration depth	3.8 mm	[70]
λ_e	wavelength	5.2 mm	[70]
k_e	thermal conductivity	0.23 Wm^-1°C^-1	[52]
ρ_e	density	1200 kg m^-3	[52]
c_e	specific heat	3590 Jkg^-1°C^-1	[52]
ω_e	perfusion rate	0 m³s^-1m^-3tissue	[52]

Dermis

t_d	thickness	2000 μm	[52]
N_d	lattice elements	100
ℓ	lattice node spacing	20 μm
σ_d	electrical conductivity	8.01 Sm^-1	[70]
ε_d	relative permittivity	31.3	[70]
η_d	penetration depth	3.8 mm	[70]
λ_d	wavelength	5.2 mm	[70]
k_d	thermal conductivity	0.45 Wm^-1°C^-1	[52]
ρ_d	density	1200 kg m^-3	[52]
c_d	specific heat	3300 Jkg^-1°C^-1	[52]
ω_d	perfusion rate	1.25 × l0^-3m³s^-1m^-3tissue	[52]

Subcutaneous Tissue

t_s	thickness	18000 μm	[52]
N_s	lattice elements	100
ℓ	lattice node spacing	180 μm
σ_f	electrical conductivity	0.585 Sm^-1	[70]
ε_f	relative permittivity	4.60	[70]
η_f	penetration depth	19.6 mm	[70]
λ_f	wavelength	13.9 mm	[70]
k_s	thermal conductivity	0.19 Wm^-1°C^-1	[52]
ρ_s	density	1000 kg m^-3	[52]
c_s	specific heat	2675 Jkg^-1°C^-1	[52]
ω_s	perfusion rate	1.25 × 10^-3m³s^-1m^-3tissue	[52]

Blood

c_b	specific heat	3770 Jkg^-1°C^-1	[52]
ρ_b	density	1060 kg m^-3	[52]

Gowrishankar et al. BioMedical Engineering OnLine 2004 3:42 doi:10.1186/1475-925X-3-42